Gonorrhoea, caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. Gonorrhoeae), remains one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and contributes to a substantial burden of morbidity, mortality and infertility worldwide. Penicillin’s, tetracyclines, and fluroquinolones were commonly used for the treatment of genoccal infections until the emergence of resistance to these antimicrobials. Third-generation cephalosporins, both injectable and oral, are being used globally as first-line therapy. Resistance to oral third-generation cephalosporins used as Gonorrhoea Treatment such as cefixime and ceftibuten have been reported in Japan, Hong Kong and Taiwan. Although treatment failurs with the injectable cephalosporins like ceftriaxone have not been reported decrease in susceptibility to these agents has been documented in the World Health Organization (WHO) Western pacific Region (Australia, Brunei, China and Papua New Guinea), Vietnam and Greece. Some of these isolates are already resistant to multiple drug classes, such as quinolones, macrolides, penicillins, and tetracyclines. The term multiresistant or “multidrug-resistant N.gonorrhoeae” (MDR-NG) has been used in many studies, but without precise definitions. Multiresistant isoloates were earlier defined as quinolone-resistant N. Gonorrhoea (QRNG) and penicillinase-producing N. Gonorrhoeae (PPNG); QRNG- and tetracycline-resistant N. Gonorrhoea (TRNG); QRNG, PPNG, and TRNG; QRNG and azithro resistant (AzR). Most of these antibiotics such as penicillins, tetracyclines, and fluroquinolones are no longer used for Gonorrhoea Treatment.

The evolution of true resistance to third-generation cephalosporins would lead to spread of MDR-NG and XDR-NG according to the current WHO definitions, as has already happened in Hong Kong and Japan and seriously hamper effective control of gonorrhoea.

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Tags :   Gonorrhoea Gonorrhoea Treatment Chlamydia & Gonorrhoea Test Gonorrhoea Test

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